Everything about The Sloss Debate totally explained
The
SLOSS Debate was a debate in
ecology and
conservation biology during the
1970s and
1980s as to whether a
Single
Large
or
Several
Small (SLOSS) reserves was a superior means of conserving
biodiversity in a
fragmented habitat.
In
1975 Jared Diamond suggested some "rules" for the design of protected areas, based on
Robert MacArthur and
E. O. Wilson's
Theory of Island Biogeography. One of his suggestions was that a single large reserve was preferable to several smaller reserves whose total area was the same as that of the single large reserve. Since
species richness increases with
habitat area, a larger block of habitat would support more species than any of the smaller blocks. This idea was popularised by many other ecologists, and has been incorporated into most standard textbooks in conservation biology, and was used in real-world conservation planning. This idea was challenged by Wilson's former student
Daniel Simberloff who pointed out that this idea relied on the assumption that smaller reserves had a
nested species composition - it assumed that each larger reserve had all the species presented in any smaller reserve. If the smaller reserves had unshared species, then it was possible that two smaller reserves could have more species than a single large reserve. Debate ensued as to the extent to which smaller reserves shared species with one another, leading to the development of
nested subset theory by
Bruce Patterson and
Wirt Atmar in the
1980s and to the establishment of the
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) near
Manaus,
Brazil in
1980 by
Thomas Lovejoy.
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